We often associate fragrance with beauty, cleanliness, and comfort. A scented candle flickering in the corner, a puff of air freshener, a favorite laundry detergent—they seem harmless, even delightful. But behind these pleasant aromas can be a hidden layer of synthetic chemicals that interfere with the body's delicate hormonal balance.
What Is “Fragrance” Really?
On a label, the word fragrance may appear innocent, but it can be a catch-all for dozens or even hundreds of undisclosed chemicals. Manufacturers are not required to list these ingredients due to proprietary protections, meaning we often don’t know what we’re breathing in, applying to our skin, or surrounding ourselves with.
The Link Between Synthetic Fragrance and Endocrine Disruption
Some of the chemicals used in synthetic fragrance—like phthalates and synthetic musks—are known endocrine disruptors. These substances can mimic or interfere with the body's hormones, affecting everything from mood to fertility to metabolism. Over time, even low-level exposure may contribute to imbalances, particularly during sensitive life stages like perimenopause, pregnancy, and puberty.
The Link Between Synthetic Fragrance and Endocrine Disruption
Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that can interfere with the hormone system in subtle but far-reaching ways. Many of the compounds used in synthetic fragrance fall into this category—particularly phthalates and synthetic musks. These are often added to make a scent last longer or to mimic the aroma of natural substances.
Phthalates, for example, have been associated with altered levels of estrogen and testosterone, reproductive abnormalities, and increased risk of hormone-related conditions. They are frequently found in products labeled as “fragrance,” even if not listed directly. Synthetic musks, commonly used in laundry detergents and perfumes, have been shown to accumulate in human fat tissue and breast milk, raising concerns about long-term exposure and bioaccumulation.
Numerous studies over the past two decades have drawn connections between synthetic fragrance exposure and disruptions in hormone-regulated processes. For example, research published in Environmental Health Perspectives and The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism has linked exposure to phthalates with earlier onset of puberty, decreased sperm quality, and thyroid hormone suppression. These findings are especially concerning when considering daily, long-term exposure from multiple sources—like personal care, household products, and even the ambient air in fragranced environments.
While more research is still unfolding, what we already know is enough to warrant thoughtful consideration—particularly during life phases like perimenopause, when the endocrine system is already in transition.
Where Fragrance Lurks
It’s not just perfume. “Fragrance” is often added to:
– Air fresheners (sprays, plug-ins, and candles)
– Laundry products (detergents, dryer sheets, fabric softeners)
– Skincare, haircare, and cosmetics
– Household cleaners
– Scented trash bags, toilet paper, even baby wipes
How This Differs From Aromatherapy
It’s important to draw a distinction between synthetic fragrance and true aromatherapy. Aromatherapy involves the use of pure, plant-derived essential oils—often distilled from flowers, leaves, bark, or resins. These oils contain complex chemical compounds that can support the body and nervous system when used with care and intention.
In contrast, synthetic fragrances are man-made, often petroleum-based, and designed to mimic scent without offering any of the therapeutic properties of the plants they imitate. While aromatherapy is rooted in holistic wellness and traditionally practiced with safety and respect, synthetic fragrance is about scent for scent’s sake—with none of the botanical intelligence that nature provides.
What You Can Do
Awareness is the first step. Here are a few gentle ways to reduce exposure:
– Choose fragrance-free or truly unscented personal care and cleaning products
– Look for brands that fully disclose their ingredients
– Replace room sprays with essential oil diffusers or simmering herbs and citrus
– Wash new clothes and linens before use to reduce residual fragrance
– Support your detox pathways with daily movement, hydration, and deep breathing
Take It Further
Consider doing a “fragrance audit” of your home. What are the top three products you use every day that contain synthetic fragrance? Are there simple swaps you could make? Start small—one item at a time.
A Final Word
This isn’t about fear—it’s about sovereignty. When we understand what we’re bringing into our bodies and our homes, we gain the power to choose differently. And often, those choices lead us closer to nature, balance, and ourselves.